{"id":707,"date":"2026-11-07T09:42:00","date_gmt":"2026-11-07T08:42:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/?p=707"},"modified":"2026-11-04T19:45:57","modified_gmt":"2026-11-04T18:45:57","slug":"calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f3mo calcular el consumo el\u00e9ctrico de tus servidores antes de contratar housing"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En housing pagas por vatio, as\u00ed que <strong>medir bien el consumo de tus servidores es la forma m\u00e1s directa de no pagar de m\u00e1s<\/strong>. La potencia que pone en la etiqueta de la fuente casi nunca es la que consume el equipo: lo habitual es que el consumo real sea muy inferior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_74 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Tabla de Contenidos<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar tabla de contenidos\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Por_que_la_potencia_es_lo_que_mas_pesa_en_el_housing\" >Por qu\u00e9 la potencia es lo que m\u00e1s pesa en el housing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Conceptos_basicos_W_VA_amperios_y_kWh\" >Conceptos b\u00e1sicos: W, VA, amperios y kWh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Error_comun_usar_la_potencia_de_la_fuente\" >Error com\u00fan: usar la potencia de la fuente<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#4_formas_de_medir_el_consumo_real\" >4 formas de medir el consumo real<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#1_Con_IPMI_iDRAC_iLO_IPMI_generico\" >1. Con IPMI (iDRAC, iLO, IPMI gen\u00e9rico)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#2_Con_un_medidor_de_enchufe\" >2. Con un medidor de enchufe<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#3_Con_una_PDU_inteligente\" >3. Con una PDU inteligente<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#4_Con_calculadoras_del_fabricante\" >4. Con calculadoras del fabricante<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Paso_a_paso_como_calcular_la_potencia_a_contratar\" >Paso a paso: c\u00f3mo calcular la potencia a contratar<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Ejemplo_practico\" >Ejemplo pr\u00e1ctico<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#%C2%BFY_la_alimentacion_redundada_AB\" >\u00bfY la alimentaci\u00f3n redundada A+B?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Calor_generado_el_dato_que_el_datacenter_tambien_mira\" >Calor generado: el dato que el datacenter tambi\u00e9n mira<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Como_reducir_el_consumo_antes_de_mudarte\" >C\u00f3mo reducir el consumo antes de mudarte<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Preguntas_frecuentes\" >Preguntas frecuentes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/#Te_ayudamos_a_dimensionarlo\" >Te ayudamos a dimensionarlo<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Por_que_la_potencia_es_lo_que_mas_pesa_en_el_housing\"><\/span>Por qu\u00e9 la potencia es lo que m\u00e1s pesa en el housing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cada vatio que consume tu servidor hay que suministrarlo de forma redundada (UPS, generadores, doble l\u00ednea) y despu\u00e9s <strong>evacuarlo como calor<\/strong> con la climatizaci\u00f3n. Por eso los planes de housing incluyen una potencia concreta y el exceso se factura aparte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conceptos_basicos_W_VA_amperios_y_kWh\"><\/span>Conceptos b\u00e1sicos: W, VA, amperios y kWh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Vatios (W)<\/strong>: la potencia real que consume el equipo. Es lo que se contrata.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Voltamperios (VA)<\/strong>: potencia aparente. W = VA \u00d7 factor de potencia (en fuentes modernas, 0,9-0,99).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Amperios (A)<\/strong>: intensidad. A 230 V, <strong>1 A \u2248 230 W<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>kWh<\/strong>: energ\u00eda consumida en el tiempo. Un servidor de 200 W encendido 24\/7 consume 200 \u00d7 24 \u00d7 30 = 144 kWh al mes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Error_comun_usar_la_potencia_de_la_fuente\"><\/span>Error com\u00fan: usar la potencia de la fuente<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una fuente de 750 W no significa que el servidor consuma 750 W. Ese valor es la <strong>capacidad m\u00e1xima<\/strong> de la fuente. Un servidor 1U t\u00edpico con dos fuentes de 550 W puede consumir 90-150 W en uso normal. Si contratas por la etiqueta, pagar\u00e1s potencia que nunca usas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_formas_de_medir_el_consumo_real\"><\/span>4 formas de medir el consumo real<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Con_IPMI_iDRAC_iLO_IPMI_generico\"><\/span>1. Con IPMI (iDRAC, iLO, IPMI gen\u00e9rico)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La mayor\u00eda de servidores de rack informan de su consumo. En Linux:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ipmitool dcmi power reading<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ver\u00e1s el consumo instant\u00e1neo, m\u00ednimo, m\u00e1ximo y medio. En iDRAC (Dell) o iLO (HPE) lo tienes tambi\u00e9n en la interfaz web, con hist\u00f3ricos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Con_un_medidor_de_enchufe\"><\/span>2. Con un medidor de enchufe<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Un vat\u00edmetro dom\u00e9stico entre el enchufe y el servidor es suficiente para equipos peque\u00f1os. Mide al menos 24 horas para captar los picos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Con_una_PDU_inteligente\"><\/span>3. Con una PDU inteligente<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si ya tienes un rack en la oficina con PDU medida, consulta el hist\u00f3rico por toma. Es el dato m\u00e1s fiable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Con_calculadoras_del_fabricante\"><\/span>4. Con calculadoras del fabricante<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dell, HPE o Lenovo publican calculadoras de consumo por configuraci\u00f3n. Son \u00fatiles cuando el servidor a\u00fan no est\u00e1 comprado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Paso_a_paso_como_calcular_la_potencia_a_contratar\"><\/span>Paso a paso: c\u00f3mo calcular la potencia a contratar<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Mide el consumo medio y el pico<\/strong> de cada equipo durante al menos 24-72 horas con carga real.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Suma los consumos<\/strong> de todos los equipos que ir\u00e1n al rack (servidores, switches, firewalls).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Usa el pico sostenido, no el arranque<\/strong>: al encender, un servidor puede consumir mucho m\u00e1s unos segundos, pero eso no define la potencia contratada.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>A\u00f1ade un margen del 15-20 %<\/strong> para crecimiento y picos de carga.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Compara con los planes<\/strong>: elige el que cubre tu consumo o el inferior m\u00e1s potencia extra, lo que salga m\u00e1s barato.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ejemplo_practico\"><\/span>Ejemplo pr\u00e1ctico<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una empresa quiere llevar al datacenter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Equipo<\/th><th>Consumo medio<\/th><th>Pico sostenido<\/th><\/tr><tr><td>Servidor 1U (base de datos)<\/td><td>140 W<\/td><td>190 W<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Servidor 1U (aplicaciones)<\/td><td>110 W<\/td><td>150 W<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Switch 1U<\/td><td>30 W<\/td><td>35 W<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Total<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>280 W<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>375 W<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con un margen del 15 % sobre el pico sostenido, necesita unos 430 W. Opciones en BlumHost:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Plan 4U (500 W)<\/strong>: 500 \u20ac\/mes. Cubre todo con margen y le sobra 1U de espacio.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Plan 2U (250 W) + 200 W extra<\/strong>: no le cabe, porque necesita 3U.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Conclusi\u00f3n: plan 4U.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFY_la_alimentacion_redundada_AB\"><\/span>\u00bfY la alimentaci\u00f3n redundada A+B?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Con doble fuente, cada una suele repartir la carga al 50 %. Pero si cae una l\u00ednea, <strong>la otra asume el 100 %<\/strong>. Por eso la potencia contratada debe calcularse sobre el consumo total del equipo, no sobre la mitad. Lo explicamos en detalle en el post sobre electricidad redundada A+B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Calor_generado_el_dato_que_el_datacenter_tambien_mira\"><\/span>Calor generado: el dato que el datacenter tambi\u00e9n mira<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Toda la energ\u00eda consumida se transforma en calor. Para convertir: <strong>BTU\/h = W \u00d7 3,412<\/strong>. Un rack con 3 kW genera unos 10.236 BTU\/h que la climatizaci\u00f3n tiene que retirar. Por eso hay l\u00edmites de potencia por rack.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Como_reducir_el_consumo_antes_de_mudarte\"><\/span>C\u00f3mo reducir el consumo antes de mudarte<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Retira discos, tarjetas y servidores que no usas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Activa perfiles de energ\u00eda equilibrados en la BIOS.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Consolida servicios con virtualizaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sustituye servidores de m\u00e1s de 6-7 a\u00f1os: suelen consumir el doble por el mismo trabajo.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preguntas_frecuentes\"><\/span>Preguntas frecuentes<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto consume un servidor de rack?<\/strong> Un 1U t\u00edpico, entre 80 y 200 W en uso normal. Un 2U con muchos discos o GPU puede superar los 400 W.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto cuesta cada 100 W extra en BlumHost?<\/strong> 50 \u20ac\/mes, que incluye la redundancia el\u00e9ctrica y la refrigeraci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 pasa si supero la potencia contratada?<\/strong> Se factura el exceso. Por eso conviene medir antes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Te_ayudamos_a_dimensionarlo\"><\/span>Te ayudamos a dimensionarlo<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Si no tienes claro tu consumo, env\u00edanos el modelo y la configuraci\u00f3n de tus equipos. Te ayudamos a elegir el <a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/housing\">plan de housing<\/a> correcto sin pagar potencia que no usas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En housing pagas por vatio, as\u00ed que medir bien el consumo de tus servidores es la forma m\u00e1s directa de no pagar de m\u00e1s. La potencia que pone en la etiqueta de la fuente casi nunca es la que consume&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[174,66],"tags":[175],"class_list":["post-707","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-housing","category-tutoriales","tag-housing"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>C\u00f3mo calcular el consumo el\u00e9ctrico de un servidor rack - Blog de BlumHost<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Aprende a calcular los vatios reales de tus servidores antes de contratar housing: f\u00f3rmulas, IPMI, PDU, ejemplos y c\u00f3mo evitar pagar potencia de m\u00e1s.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/blumhost.net\/blog\/calcular-consumo-electrico-servidor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C\u00f3mo calcular el consumo el\u00e9ctrico de un servidor rack - 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